新瓦屋文化保存區 Xinwa House Hakka Coultrue Preservation Area
一直都很欣賞客家文化、客家美食，客家族群位於桃竹苗以及高雄美濃, 而我們這次是到新竹新瓦屋，大家對新竹印象目前比較熟悉的科學園區，科技工廠, 都市高樓林立之中，新瓦屋客家文化保存區就隱藏在這裡。
新瓦屋是清朝乾隆年間，六張犁林家來台開墾建立聚落，於嘉慶年間在竹北芒頭埔建立忠孝堂公廳，比附近六張犁聚落林家祠晚，所以取名「新瓦屋」。
客家委員會與新竹市政府文化局前後修復整建，推動各項客家文化藝術、文創發展，也讓附近住戶、各地學生、外來遊客，能進一步了解客家文化豐富，及傳統藝術之美。
I have always appreciated Hakka cultur and love to eat Hakka food in Taiwan. There are 3 traditional ethnic groups in Taiwan. Taiwanes(Hokken), Hakka and indigenous. The Hakkas are located in north of Taiwan Taoyan, Hsinchu, Mioli and south of Taiwan Kaoshiung Meinong. We was going to Hsinchu Xinwa House this time. Most of Taiwanes or foreign engerneers have the impression to be familiar with Hsinchu Sience Park, especially TSMC. Science and technology factories, urban high-rise buildings, The Xinwa House Hakka Coulture Preservation Area is hidden here.
In Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, Xinwa House was a family Lin of Liuzangli came to Taiwan to cultivate and esteblish. In the Jiaqing period, the Zhonxiautang poblic hall was established in Mangtoupu, Zoubei, which was later than the Lin Family Ancenstral Hall in the nearby, so it was named "Xinwa House".
座落在都市間的古蹟，園區旁高樓林立 古蹟前種了一片向日葵田
The historic site is near by many tall buildings in the Zhubei city. A field of sunflowers planted in front of the old house.
客家委員會及新竹文化局保留古蹟遺址 The Hakka Commitee and the Hsinchu Cultrual Bureau preserved the historical site
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向日葵 Helianthus/Sunflower
進園區左手邊可看見一片花園及池塘，池塘蓮花搭配裝置藝術, 純樸也清幽。過了池塘，看見一片比人高的向日葵田，這裡的向日葵是種在田上，為了鼓勵農民休耕時不浪費土地資源，政府推動農夫休耕時種植景觀植物，我們在冬天時在農田常會看見整片波斯菊花田、油菜花田，也有農地開始種植向日葵，這些景觀作物不只美化環境，還能吸引遊客，也間接帶動觀光。在休耕時農民也可適時照顧土地，防止病蟲害入侵，當耕作期開始，有些花卉也剛好凋謝或是耕耘機直接推倒，花朵的根莖葉直接做肥料。向日葵不只觀賞用、葵花籽可食用、油渣可做飼料，和油菜、大豆稱作綠肥作物。向日葵有淨化土壤的作用，可吸收土壤金屬離子及吸收輻射放射性物質，日本科學家也因為這項發現，將向日葵種在福島核電廠附近，雖然科學家也研究向日葵不是吸收放射物質最強的一種，同時為了美化環境，決定種植向日葵進行實驗，實驗結果就不得而知了。
向日葵通常是3~4月播種，7~8月開花，一年四季都可開花，有積溫作用，也就是植物累積一定溫度就能開花，向日葵總是對著太陽就是為了積溫生存，對溫度適應力強，從播種到花苞時期，需要水量不多，但開花後葉子多而茂密，就需要大量水量，容易種植，因新竹多電子電機工業，鼓勵農民種植像向日葵綠化休耕植物。
A garden and pond can be seen on the left hand side of the park. Letus with installation art, simple and quiet. After passing a pond, I saw a sunfllower feild.The sunflowers are tallar than people. Sunflowers here are planted in the farmland in order to encourage farmers not to wast land resources during fallow. The goverment promotes farmers to plant landscape plants when they are fallow. In winter, we often see entire fields of cosmos flowers and rapeseed flowers in farmland, and some farmlands start to plant sunflowers. These landscape crops not only beautify the environment, but also attract tourists and indirectly drive sightseeing. During the fallow, farmers can take care of the land in time to prevent the invasion of pests and diseases. When the farming period begins some flowers just withered or the cultivator fell directly. The roods, stems and leaves of flowers are directly used as fertilizer. Sunflowers is not only for ornamental purposes, sunflower seeds are edible, oil residue can be used as feed. Sunflowers, canolas and soybeans are called manure crops. Sunflowers has the function of purifying the soil, can abserb soil metal ions and absorb radioactive substances. Becuase of this discovery, Japenes scientist also planted sunflowers near the Fukushima nuclear power plant. Altough scientists have also studied sunflowers are not strongest kind of radioactive substances, but they in order to beautify environment at the same time, so they decided to sunflowers for experiments.
資訊參考來源 Info Source:
壹讀: 在廢墟站上種向日葵吸收輻射
每日頭條: 它不僅可食用還能入藥 並且還能淨化土壤和空氣
每日頭條:向日葵甚麼時候開花 花期多長
GARDENIA: Helianthus annuus (Common Sunflower)
園區內荷花池 配裝置藝術
客家工藝品及客家特色禮品 Hakka crafts and Hakka specialty gift
園區內有幾家工藝品店，展示擺放一些可愛藝術品，除了具客家特色，有些工藝品也特殊可愛。
There are several stores in the park, show some cute artworks. In addition to having Hakka charactreristics, some crafts are also very cute.
客家桔醬 Hakka Kumquat Sauce
客家禮品，我個人蠻推客家金袺醬，沒錯就是做金袺檸檬的金桔，大部分客家人都是手工自己做，網路上查媽媽們都會分享簡單作法，因為那裏的工藝品店都會用復古好看的包裝，可以買幾瓶送朋友，酸甜滋味，沾肉片或丸子，帶有桔子果香，清爽順口解油膩，是客家獨特傳統口味，只有客家庄才有喔!
If you wanna buy some gifts to your family or friends, I personally recommend Hakka Kumquat Sauce. Most Hakka people make it by themselves. As the craft gift shop there will use retro and good-looking packaging. You can buy a few from there. In Taiwan, we usally dipped in slices meat or meatball. Sweet and sour test with kumquat fruty aroma, refreshing, smooth and greasy. It is a traditional Hakka taste.
客家人自製醬料及醃製品 Hakka homemade sauces and pickles
客家花布 Hakka floral cloth
有此一說，早期客家人生活勤儉刻苦，撿一些人家剩下的碎花布做衣服、背包，而形成花花綠綠客家花布，有另種傳說是花仙娘娘為感謝客家人辛勞，用許多花的色汁染成花花綠綠頭巾或紙傘來裝飾客家人。客家花布實際上是台灣花布，不限於客家民族，日治台灣時期，台灣紡織業發達，開始大量製造，花色布常製成被單布或窗簾布。北部客家人，偏愛以花布製作衣褲，所以台灣花布才稱作客家花布，大多以鮮豔紅色做底色搭配大朵牡丹花，代表大富大貴又喜氣，近期客家飾品改良，保留文化也引領風潮但台灣各族群都廣泛使用花布料不限客家族群。台灣客家布料也有深藍色或深黑色，像南部客家人以藍染技術聞名，以客家藍衫為主。
There are rumors in Taiwan, one is that the early Hakka people lived hard and thirfty, packing up some leftover floral fabrics to make clothes and bags, forming colorful Hakka floral fabrics. Another story is Flower Fairy thanked the Hakkas for their hard work, so she dyed with the color juice of many flowers into colorful turbans or paper umbrella to decorate Hakka people. Hakka floral cloth actually almost Taiwanes will used it, not only from Hakka. When Japanese early rule of Taiwan, the textile industry was developed and mass production began and the patterned cloth was often made into sheet cloth or curtain cloth. The Hakka people in north of Taiwan prefer to use floral cloth to make their clothes, so Taiwaneses floral fabric is called Hakka floral fabric. Most of them use bright red as the background color with a large peony flowers, witch represonts richness and joy. Taiwan Hakka fabrics are also dark blue and black color. Like southern Hakkas, they are famous for their blue dyeing techniques, and they mainly use Hakka blue shirts.
資訊參考來源- 維基百科: 台灣花布
客家花布最具客家傳統代表喜氣、大富大貴 Hakka floral cloth is the most traditional Hakka representative of joy and wealth
以竹子 松果製成鳥類造型 別緻可愛 Bird shape made of bamboo pine cones,chic and cute
油桐花
油桐花是早期客家經濟作物之一，可以榨油、製作火柴棒、製作木屐，而現在傳統製品已幾乎看不到了，油桐花演變成台灣四、五、六月觀光美景「五月雪」，也是台灣客家民族驕傲，後面文章會在分享台灣美麗的桐花-五月雪
Tung tree is one of the early Hakka cash crops. It can be used to mack matchsticks, squeezed oil, and mack wooden clogs. There are almost no traditional products today. Tung tree blossoms have envolved into Taiwan's scenic beauty in April, May and June. Named "May Snow" in Taiwan. It is also pride of Hakka nation in Taiwan. I will introduce about the beautiful Tung Tree Blossom, "May Snow" in later artical.
我的身後就是台灣以桐花繪製的玻璃牆創作 There is glass wall of Tung flowers drawing behine of me.
藝文工藝品展示還有 各式石頭彩繪 陶藝品 樸實生活用品點綴增添色彩
There are also various kinds of stone panttings, pottery products, and sinple daily necessities to add color to the display of arts and crafts.
藍色底、硃砂色底搭配傳統花色製成小貓工藝品 傳統搭配現代 衝突地高貴可愛
Cat craffts with blue and cinnabar background match traditional flowers illustration. Traditinal and modern styles are looks noble and cute in conflict.
園區有的地方有些建築工藝裝飾 簡單幾何搭配石塊地面很有造型 我們忍不住停下腳步拍照
In some place in the park, there are some architectural craftsmanship decrorations. Simple geometry matching the stone ground is modeling. We can't help but stop and take pictrues.
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